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List of terrorist incidents

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See also: List of major terrorist incidents and Number of terrorist incidents by country
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The following is a list of terrorist incidents that were not carried out by a state or its forces (see state terrorism and state-sponsored terrorism). Assassinations are presented in List of assassinations and unsuccessful attempts at List of people who survived assassination attempts and List of heads of state and government who survived assassination attempts.

Definitions of terrorism vary, so incidents listed here are restricted to those that are notable and described as "terrorism" by a consensus of reliable sources.

Scholars dispute what might be called terrorism in earlier periods. The modern sense of terrorism emerged in the mid-19th century.[1]

1800–1899

[edit]
Date Type Dead Injured Location Details Perpetrator Part of
1865–1877 Murders c. 3,000 Several United States Southern United States Approximately 3,000 Freedmen and their Republican Party allies are killed in well-organized campaigns of violence by the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacists in a campaign of terrorist violence that weakened the reconstructionist governments in the Southern United States and helped re-establish legitimized segregation.[2][3] Ku Klux Klan Reconstruction Era
1881–1885 Bombing 0 (+3) 98 United Kingdom United Kingdom Fenian dynamite campaign.[citation needed] Irish Republican Brotherhood
4 May 1886 Bombing 7 (+4) 160+ United States Chicago, United States Haymarket Affair. A peaceful rally in Haymarket, Chicago, Illinois, was disrupted when a bomb was detonated as police were dispersing the public demonstration.[citation needed] FOTLU
8 November 1892 Bombing 5 0 France Paris, France French anarchist Émile Henry bombs a police station.[4][5] Émile Henry
9 December 1893 Bombing 0 20 France Paris, France French anarchist Auguste Vaillant bombed the French Chamber of Deputies injuring 20 deputies.[citation needed] Auguste Vaillant
12 February 1894 Bombing 1 17 France Paris, France French anarchist Émile Henry bombs Café Terminus.[6][7][8] Émile Henry
26 August 1896 Hijacking 10+ 0 Ottoman Empire Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Occupation of the Ottoman Bank by Armenian Revolutionary Federation members in protest of the Hamidian massacres. A resulting anti-Armenian pogrom killed around 6,000 individuals.[9] Armenian Revolutionary Federation

1900–1929

[edit]
Date Type Dead Injured Location Details Perpetrator Part of
28 April – 1 May 1903 Bombings 0 (+4) Ottoman Empire Thessaloniki, Ottoman Empire Members of the Boatmen of Thessaloníki, a Bulgarian anarchist group, carried out a series of bombings in Thessaloniki. Boatmen of Thessaloníki
18 May 1904 Kidnapping 0 2 kidnapped Morocco Tangier, Morocco Perdicaris affair: Ion Perdicaris and Cromwell Varley were kidnapped and held for ransom by bandit Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli in Morocco.[10] Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli
31 May 1905 Bombing 0 21 France Paris, France Rohan bombing. 24 people injured when a Catalan anarchist (?) bombed Alfonso XIII of Spain.[11] Aviño/Alexandre Farras (?)
31 May 1906 Bombing 24 Several Spain Madrid, Spain Morral affair. 24 people were killed when terrorist bombed the Royal Couple, Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie, on their wedding day. Mateo del Morral
25 August 1906 Bombing 28 Several Russian Empire Aptekarsky Island, Russia 28 people were killed when three terrorists bombed a reception in an attempt to assassinate Pyotr Stolypin. Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists
11–12 July 1908 Bombing 1 23 Sweden Malmö, Sweden Night between 11 and 12 July: Bombing of the boat Amalthea where British strikebreakers lived by Anton Nilsson One was killed and 23 wounded. Anton Nilsson
1 October 1910 Bombing 21 105+ United States Los Angeles, United States Los Angeles Times bombing killed 21 people and wounded over 100 others. John J. McNamara and James B. McNamara
28 June 1914 Various 2 16-22 Austria-Hungary Sarajevo, Austria-Hungary The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austrian throne, and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. As the Archduke's car approached the third assassin after the others failed to act, the bomb bounced off the Archduke's car and exploded the car behind him, injuring 16-20 people. Later, as the Archduke's car turned a wrong corner, assassin Gavrilo Princip shot dead the Archduke and his wife in their car. This resulted in the July Crisis, and World War I. Gavrilo Princip (with the Black Hand) Prelude to World War I
22 July 1916 Bombing 10 40 United States San Francisco, United States Preparedness Day Bombing was a bombing in San Francisco, California, on 22 July 1916, when the city held a parade in anticipation of the United States' entry into World War I. During the parade, a suitcase bomb was detonated, killing ten and wounding forty. Galleanist Anarchists (suspected)
30 July 1916 Bombing 4 Hundreds United States Jersey City, United States Black Tom explosion was a planned detonation of a munitions factory at Black Tom Island in the neutral United States by Imperial German Agents that killed four and injured hundreds, as well as causing millions of dollars in damages. Imperial German Agents World War I
16 September 1920 Bombing 40 143+ United States New York City, United States Wall Street bombing killed 40 people and wounded over 143 others.[12] Galleanist Anarchists (suspected) Red Scare
14 October 1920 Bombings 1 10 Italy Trieste, Italy In Trieste, nationalists threw six bombs at the editorial office of a socialist newspaper, resulting in one death and ten injuries.[13] Italian Nationalists
15 October 1920 Bombings 0 2 Italy Milan, Italy In Milan, anarchists were responsible for throwing two bombs at a hotel holding a British delegation attending the Milan International Conference; there were two injuries.[13] Anarchists
8 December 1920 Bombing 3 3 Romania Bucharest, Romania A bomb placed by a left-wing terrorist group blows up in the Romanian Senate, killing the Minister of Justice and two other senators. The President of the Senate and two Orthodox bishops were severely injured. Max Goldstein, Leon Lichtblau and Saul Ozias
31 May 1921 Riot 39–300 800+ United States Tulsa, United States The Tulsa race riot killed at least 39 people and injured over 800.[14] Ku Klux Klan
13 December 1921 Bombing 100 Romania Bolgrad, Romania The Bolgrad palace bombing occurred when a bomb thrown by Bessarabian separatists at the Bolgrad palace, killed 100 soldiers and police officers.[15] Bessarabian separatists Union of Bessarabia with Romania
31 October 1923 Shooting 1 1 Irish Free State Dublin, Irish Free State Far-right extremists shot two Jewish men as they walked across St. Stephen's Green in Dublin. One of the men was killed.[16] Far-right extremists
16 April 1925 Bombing 150 ~500 Bulgaria Sofia, Bulgaria St Nedelya Church assault – The Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP) blew up the church's roof during the funeral service of General Konstantin Georgiev, who had been killed in a previous Communist assault on 14 April. 150 people, mainly from the country's political and military elite, were killed in the attack and around 500 were injured.[17] Bulgarian Communist Party

1930–1949

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Date Type Dead Injured Location Details Perpetrator Part of
3 March 1940 Arson 5 5 Sweden Luleå, Sweden Politically motivated arson attack targeted at the communist newspaper Norrskensflamman (Northern Flame) by various perpetrators. 5 people were killed, 2 of which were children, along with 5 others injured. Norrbottens-Kuriren
4 July 1940 Bombing 2 0 United States New York City, United States Time bomb is recovered from the British Pavilion at the 1939 New York World's Fair, two NYPD policemen were killed.[18] Unknown
1940–1956 Serial bombings 0 15 United States New York City, United States George Metesky, the "Mad Bomber", places over 30 bombs in New York City in public places such as Grand Central Terminal and The Paramount Theater, injuring ten during this period, in protest against the local electric utility. He also sends many threatening letters.[19] George Metesky
22 July 1946 Bombing 91 46 Mandatory Palestine Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine The King David Hotel bombing by Zionist paramilitary group Irgun kills 91 and injures 46 non-fatally.[20] Irgun Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine
25 July 1947 Airliner hijacking 1 0 Romania Romania Three Romanian terrorists kill an aircrew member aboard a Romanian airliner.[21] This is regarded as the first aircraft hijack resulting in a fatality.[citation needed] Unknown
22 February 1948 Car bombings 58 123 Mandatory Palestine Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine Ben Yehuda Street bombings: three British Army trucks led by an armoured car driven by Arab irregulars and British deserters exploded on Ben Yehuda Street killing 58 Jewish civilians and injuring 140.[22][23] Arab insurgents and rogue British soldiers 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
7 May 1949 Airliner bombing 13 0 Philippines Philippines Thirteen people are killed as a Philippine airliner explodes in flight travelling from Daet to Manila. A time bomb detonates 30 minutes after departure near Alabat Island.[24] Unknown
5 August 1949 Grenade attack 12 ~30 Syria Damascus, Syria 12 killed and dozens injured in the Menarsha synagogue attack. Arab Redemption Suicide Phalange 1948 Palestine war

1950–1969

[edit]
Date Type Dead Injured Location Details Perpetrator Part of
17 March 1954 Shooting 12 2 Israel Scorpions Pass, Israel Ma'ale Akrabim massacre: an Israeli civilian passenger bus is attacked by unknown assailants at the Scorpions Pass in the Negev, resulting in the deaths of eleven passengers.[25][26] Palestinian fedayeen Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency
16 June 1955 Bombing 308 ~1200 Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Bombing of Plaza de Mayo: Thirty aircraft from the Argentine Navy and Air Force bombed and strafed Plaza de Mayo. The attack targeted the adjacent Casa Rosada, the seat of government of former president Juan Peron.[27][28] Anti-Peronist elements of the Argentine Armed Forces 1955 Argentine coup d'état
16 June 1956 Bombing 1 6 Nicosia, British Cyprus The United States vice consul is killed and six other consulate staff are injured when a terrorist throws 2 bombs in a restaurant in Nicosia.[29] Unknown Cyprus Emergency
15 August 1958 Bombing 3 10 Lebanon Beirut, Lebanon Three people are killed in a bomb blast in Beirut. The bombing also injures ten more at a grocery store near the Lebanese Parliament.[30] Unknown 1958 Lebanon crisis
22 November 1962 Riot 2 (+5) ? South Africa Paarl, South Africa Members of the Pan Africanist Congress' military wing, the Azanian People's Liberation Army (also known as Poqo) targeted the town of Paarl in the Western Cape, when a crowd of over 200 people armed with axes, pangas and other home-made weapons marched from the Mbekweni township into Paarl and attacked the police station, homes and shops. Two white residents and 5 attackers were killed. Poqo directed its activities at the white population in general. It was also Poqo's avowed policy to attack and kill black people who were some way or another linked to the apartheid state.[31] PAC (APLA) Internal resistance to apartheid
29 August 1963 Bank robbery 2 3 Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina The Tacuara Nationalist Movement robbed a bank, stealing almost 100,000 US dollars. 2 people died and 3 were injured. Tacuara Nationalist Movement
15 September 1963 Bombing 4 22 United States Birmingham, United States 16th Street Baptist Church bombing – Four members of the Ku Klux Klan planted at least 15 sticks of dynamite attached to a timing device beneath the front steps of the church. The explosion killed 4 girls and wounded 22.[32] Ku Klux Klan Civil rights movement
1963–1970 Bombings 8 ? Canada Quebec, Canada Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) committed frequent bombings targeting English businesses and banks, as well as McGill University. The whole bombing campaign resulted in 8 known deaths and numerous injuries. Front de libération du Québec Quebec sovereignty movement
26 June 1965 Bombings 42 80 South Vietnam Saigon, South Vietnam Two simultaneous explosions took place near a restaurant in the 1965 Saigon bombing during the Vietnam War. The attack killed 42 people and 80 were wounded. Viet Cong Vietnam War
1966 Riots and massacres 8,000 to 30,000 ? Nigeria Northern Region, Nigeria The 1966 anti-Igbo pogrom was a series of massacres committed against Igbos and other people of southern Nigerian origin living in northern Nigeria starting in May 1966 and reaching a peak after 29 September 1966. Between 8,000 and 30,000 Igbos and easterners have been estimated to have been killed. A further 1 million Igbos fled the Northern Region into the East. These events led to the secession of the eastern Nigerian region and the declaration of the Republic of Biafra, which ultimately led to the Nigeria-Biafra war. Racist mobs 1966 Nigerian coup d'état
28–29 September 1966 Airliner hijacking 0 0  Argentina and  Falkland Islands Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 648 hijacking: a group of militant Argentine nationalists hijacked a civilian Aerolineas Argentinas aircraft while flying over Puerto Santa Cruz and forced the captain at gunpoint to land in the Falkland Islands, where they took several civilians hostage. The crisis was resolved 36 hours later when the hijackers agreed to release their hostages and return to Argentina for trial.[33] Argentine nationalist militants Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute
12 October 1967 Airliner bombing 66 0 Greece A bomb explodes on board Cyprus Airways Flight 284 near Rhodes killing all 66 people on the aircraft.[34] Unknown
4 September 1968 Bombings 1 51 Israel Tel Aviv, Israel Three bombs are detonated in Tel Aviv, killing one person and injuring 51 people.[35] Palestine Liberation Organization Israeli–Palestinian conflict
21–25 February 1969 Bombings 2 20 Israel Jerusalem, Israel 1969 Jerusalem bombings: Three separate bombings in Jerusalem, one in a supermarket and two in the British Consulate. In the supermarket bombing two Israelis were killed, and in all attacks 20 were injured. One of the bombers involved was Rasmea Odeh.[36][37] PLO (PFLP) Israeli–Palestinian conflict
5 August 1969 Bombing 0 0 Republic of Ireland Dublin, Ireland A bomb was detonated in Dublin at the main studio of the state broadcaster, RTÉ. The Ulster Volunteer Force was responsible. No one was injured.[38] Ulster Volunteer Force The Troubles
19 October 1969 Attempted bombing 0 (+1) 0 Republic of Ireland Ballyshannon, Ireland A UPV bomber attacked a power station in Ballyshannon, County Donegal. The bomb exploded prematurely as it was being planted, resulting in no casualties other than the attacker. The UVF issued a statement saying the attempted attack was a protest against the Irish Army units "still massed on the border in County Donegal". The statement added: "so long as the threats from Éire continue, so long will the volunteers of Ulster's people's army strike at targets in Southern Ireland". Ulster Protestant Volunteers The Troubles
31 October 1969 Bombing 0 0 Republic of Ireland Dublin, Ireland The Ulster Volunteer Force bombed a monument in Bodenstown, Dublin, dedicated to the Irish Republican hero Wolfe Tone. There were no injuries.[39] Ulster Volunteer Force The Troubles
12 December 1969 Bombings 17 104 Italy Milan and Rome, Italy Piazza Fontana bombing in Milan kills at least 17 people and injures at least 88. Three additional blasts occur in Rome, injuring 16 people.[40] Ordine Nuovo Years of Lead
26 December 1969 Bombing 0 0 Republic of Ireland Dublin, Ireland The Ulster Volunteer Force bombed the O'Connell Monument in Dublin. There were no injuries but buildings were damaged in a half mile radius.[39] Ulster Volunteer Force The Troubles
28 December 1969 Bombing 0 0 Republic of Ireland Dublin, Ireland The Ulster Volunteer Force detonate a bomb outside the Garda central detective bureau in Dublin. The nearby telephone exchange headquarters is suspected to have been the target. Ulster Volunteer Force The Troubles

1970–present

[edit]
Number of terrorist incidents worldwide[41][42]

By country

[edit]
Terrorism deaths per year by country
See also: Number of terrorist incidents by country

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "BBC – History – The Changing Faces of Terrorism". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  2. ^ Jonathan M. Bryant: Ku Klux Klan in the Reconstruction Era Archived 19 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine, The New Georgia Encyclopedia, 3 October 2002
  3. ^ Fettman, Eric (20 January 2008). "The Bloody Shirt Terror After Appomattox by Stephen Budiansky Viking Press". New York Post. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
  4. ^ "1892 : l'attentat anarchiste du commissariat des Bons-Enfants". RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 19 November 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  5. ^ Gayraud, Jean-François; Sénat, David (2009). "Histoire du terrorisme en France". Que sais-je ? (in French). 2 (1768): 114–122. ISSN 0768-0066.
  6. ^ PITTORESQUE, LA FRANCE (29 November 1999). "12 février 1894 : attentat au café Terminus de la gare Saint-Lazare". La France pittoresque. Histoire de France, Patrimoine, Tourisme, Gastronomie (in French). Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  7. ^ Ferragu, Gilles (29 January 2019). "L'écho des bombes : l'invention du terrorisme « à l'aveugle » (1893-1895)". Ethnologie française (in French). 49 (1): 21–31. doi:10.3917/ethn.191.0021. ISSN 0046-2616.
  8. ^ "This Day In History: An Anarchist Bombs Café Terminus In Paris". History Collection. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  9. ^ Bloxham, Donald. The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of The Ottoman Armenians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 53. ISBN 0-19-927356-1
  10. ^ "PERDICARIS AND VARLEY ARE IN GRAVE DANGER; An American Resident of Tangier Tells of the Situation". The New York Times. 22 May 1904. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  11. ^ "L'attentat contre le roi d'Espagne à Paris". RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 5 March 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  12. ^ "History News Service". H-net.org. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
  13. ^ a b "BOMB WARFARE RAGING IN ITALY". The New York Times. 15 October 1920. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
  14. ^ Austin Sarat (1 January 2009). When Law Fails: Making Sense of Miscarriages of Justice. NYU Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-8147-6225-7. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
  15. ^ "PALACE BOMBED, 100 KILLED; Bessarabian Conspirators Accused of Outrage at Bolgard". The New York Times. 14 December 1921. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
  16. ^ "Reactionary murders in Ireland". Come Here To Me!. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  17. ^ "Sofia Church Terror Attack Vie for Bulgaria Top Event". The Free Library. 2010. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  18. ^ "POLICE DIE IN BLAST; Timed Device Explodes After it is Taken out of Pavilion". The New York Times. 5 July 1940. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  19. ^ "Mad Bomber,' Now 70, Goes Free Today; Mad Bomber,' Now 70, Goes Free Today 37 Blasts Set Initials 'F.P.' Explained Institute Assailed". The New York Times. 13 December 1973. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  20. ^ Clarke, Thurston. By Blood and Fire, G. P. Puttnam's Sons, New York, 1981
  21. ^ Pistole, John S. (3 March 2011). "Administrator Pistole's remarks before the American Bar Association's 6th Annual Homeland Security Law Institute". TSA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
  22. ^ Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre, 'O Jerusalem'.History Book Club. 1972. pages 191-195
  23. ^ Joseph, Dov (1960). The faithful city: the siege of Jerusalem, 1948. Simon and Schuster. p. 37. LCCN 60-10976. OCLC 266413. ... it was possible ... [that the] drivers [were] from the more than two hundred deserters who had already joined the Arab force [as opposed to being officially sanctioned by the British Army]
  24. ^ "Pair Admits Planting Bomb That Killed 13". The Telegraph-Herald. 3 June 1949. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  25. ^ Israel's Border Wars, 1949–1956, p. 309, Benny Morris, Oxford University Press, 1997
  26. ^ Gilroy, Harry (22 March 1954). "Exploiting of Negev's Resources May Be Slowed by Bus Slayings; Security Moves May Act as a Brake on Developing Area Vital to Israel". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  27. ^ Chaves, Gonzalo Leonidas (2003). La masacre de Plaza de Mayo: el 16 de junio de 1955. Colección Campana de palo. La Plata [Argentina]: De La Campana. ISBN 978-987-9125-41-0.
  28. ^ Cichero, Daniel E. (2005). Bombas sobre Buenos Aires: gestación y desarrollo del bombardeo aéreo sobre la Plaza de Mayo del 16 de junio de 1955 (1ra ed.). Buenos Aires: Vergara, Grupo Zeta. ISBN 978-950-15-2347-8.
  29. ^ Bigart, Homer (17 June 1956). "U.S. Vice Consul Is Killed By Cyprus Terrorist Bomb". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
  30. ^ Brewers, Sam Pope (16 August 1958). "TERRORIST'S BOMB KILLS 3 IN BEIRUT". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
  31. ^ "Violence erupts in Paarl". South African History Online. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  32. ^ "16th Street Baptist Church bombing". know1radio.wordpress.com.
  33. ^ Aguirre, Facundo (29 September 2016). "El Operativo Cóndor en Malvinas" [The Condor Operative in Malvinas]. La Izquierda Diario (in Spanish).
  34. ^ "Crash Off Turkey Kills All 66 on Jet". The New York Times. 12 October 1967. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  35. ^ Feron, James (5 September 1968). "Fatal Bombing in Tel Aviv Stirs Mob Attack on Arabs". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
  36. ^ Marcus, Itamar (8 December 2016). "Rasmieh Odeh is responsible for murder of two, her accomplice tells PA TV". Palestinian Media Watch.
  37. ^ Pharr, Jasper (25 January 2016). Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Terrorist on U.S. Soil. Dorrance Publishing. ISBN 9781480966468.
  38. ^ "Bomb Blast at RTÉ". RTÉ Archives. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  39. ^ a b "When loyalists bombed O'Connell". Come Here To Me!. 27 September 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  40. ^ "Blast in Milan Kills 13, Hurts 85; 3 More Bombs Injure 16 in Rome". The New York Times. 13 December 1969. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
  41. ^ National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. (2018). Global Terrorism Database (globalterrorismdb_0718dist.xlsx Archived 10 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine). Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd University of Maryland
  42. ^ National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism. (2018). Global Terrorism Database (gtd1993_0718dist.xlsx Archived 10 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine). Retrieved from https://www.start.umd.edu/gtd University of Maryland
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